Enteric Neuropathy: NO, SNO in AGEs
نویسندگان
چکیده
Enteric neuropathy is emerging as a central theme in a range of digestive tract pathologies. Aberrant nitric oxide (NO) signaling by cellular components of the enteric nervous system or by inappropriate processing of dietary nitrite represents potential disease factors in delayed gastric emptying, diabetic gastroparesis, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, and in inflammatory barrier dysfunction of the gut. Exploiting the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) system to generate NO as a form of treatment is considered an option in these clinical disorders. Here we review the transcriptional regulation of nNOS activity and its pathophysiological role in the digestive tract. We also highlight potentially novel therapeutic strategies that exploit nNOS-derived S-nitrosothiols (SNO) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs).
منابع مشابه
S-Nitrosothiol Signals in the Enteric Nervous System: Lessons Learnt from Big Brother
Nitric oxide (NO) is a functionally important neurotransmitter signaling molecule generated by mammalian and bacterial nitric oxide synthases (NOS), and by chemical conversion of dietary nitrite in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Neuronal NOS (nNOS) is the most abundant isoenzyme in the enteric nervous system, and targeted deletion in transgenic mice has clearly demonstrated its importance in ...
متن کاملStructural and Optical Study of SnO Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Microwave–Assisted Hydrothermal Route
SnO nanoparticles were synthesized using microwave–assisted hydrothermal method. It was noticed that at 300 and 600 watt microwave power, SnO formed and remained in the tetragonal phase. At 900 watt, SnO2 started appearing and a mixture of SnO and SnO2 phases coexisted. The particle size varied from ~2 to ~13 nm at 300 to 900 watt radiation power. The UV-V absorption spectra showed the excitoni...
متن کاملAnti-enteric Neuronal Antibodies and the Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Are They Really the Accused?
TO THE EDITOR: I read with immense interest the fascinating article entitled “Anti-enteric neuronal antibodies and the irritable bowel syndrome” by Wood et al, which was published in January 2012 issue of Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility. The authors have demonstrated that almost 90% of IBS patients exhibited positive anti-enteric neuronal antibodies which stained the nucleus and c...
متن کاملRole of circulating S-nitrosothiols in control of blood pressure.
The biological effects of nitric oxide (NO) are in large part mediated by S-nitrosylation of peptides and proteins to produce bioactive S-nitrosothiols (SNOs).1–3 The observation of abnormal SNO levels in numerous pathophysiological states2 suggests that dysregulation of SNO homeostasis may contribute to disease pathogenesis. For example, the hypotension of human sepsis is accompanied by increa...
متن کاملSimultaneous degeneration of myenteric plexuses and pelvic parasympathetic colonic nerve in slow transit constipation
RATIONALE Slow transit constipation (STC) is a common disease of which the etiology is still not clear. Multiple hypotheses have been proposed to explain STC, including autonomic neuropathy, disorders of the enteric nervous system and so forth. Morphological abnormalities of the enteric nerves of the colon in patients with STC have been extensively reported, while there have been no morphologic...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2008